The invitation extended to him, but bizarrely denied to two former Labour prime ministers, has been explained by reference to rules of protocol that now clearly need to be changed.
The most common form of partial rule-consequentialism claims that agents should make their moral decisions about what to do by reference to rules justified by their consequences, but does not claim that moral wrongness is determined by rules justified by their consequences.
The book, though, largely addresses the professional question, arguing that the governing legal rules in the community are identified not by reference to the commands of a sovereign but by reference to rule of recognition used by the legal officials to identify the set of norms that governs their (public) actions.
There is a certain tradition of theater that everything human beings do can be understood fundamentally by reference to the rules of psychology.
Section 5, however, this court has an independent obligation to ensure that Florida resolves any controversies over the appointment of electors by reference to the rules enacted by the Legislature prior to the election, not post hoc standards announced for the first time by courts some two weeks after the election.
In a consequentialist ethical system we cannot predict our actions by reference to existing rules, but by consideration of the consequences of those actions.
Yet another idea popular with consequentialists is to move from consequentialism as a theory that directly assesses acts to consequentialism as a theory that directly assesses rules or character-trait inculcation and assesses acts only indirectly by reference to such rules (or character-traits) (Alexander 1985).
Justification of any act of punishment is to be done by reference to the norms (rules, standards, principles) defining the institutional practice such as the classic norms of Roman law, nulla poena sine leges and nulla poena sine crimen (no punishments outside the law, no punishments except for a crime).
Davidson rejects the idea that metaphorical language can be explained by reference to any set of rules that govern such meaning.
In addition to all deficiencies documentable by reference to either MCA itself, the rules, legal analysis of jurisdiction, of definition of crimes, and of due process infirmities, there are deficiencies that one can only appreciate by experiencing the difference between theory and practice.
From a deontological standpoint the actor knows that her actions are good or bad by making reference to a rule or rules.
