There is widespread concern that these changes are altering marine habitats severely, but little or no attention has been given to the biota of estuarine and coastal settings, ecosystems that are less pH buffered because of naturally reduced alkalinity.
In particular, the formation of calcareous exoskeletons reduces alkalinity in surface waters and its dissolution below the thermocline supplies alkalinity to the deep waters (i.e. alkalinity flux).
Irrigation water was supplemented with 93% sulfuric acid (Ulrich Chemical, Indianapolis, IN, USA) at 0.08 mL L−1 to reduce alkalinity to 100 mg L−1 and pH to a range of 5.7 6.3.
The buildup of the gas, mainly in the shallow layers of the oceans so far, is reducing the natural alkalinity of seawater, new studies show.
The partial nitrification process led to the decrease of pH value from 9.0 ± 0.2 to 6.8 ± 0.3 (Fig. 2), and the extent of nitritation was limited by the alkalinity of the urine solution, which was reduced from 7 to 10 g-CaCO3/L down to 300 500 mg-CaCO3/L.
Reducing and Alkalinity Producing Systems (RAPS) remediate net-acidic metalliferous mine drainage by creating anoxic conditions in which bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) raises alkalinity and drives the precipitation of iron and other chalcophilic elements as sulfides.
The nanoscale shape and self-assembled architecture of SnO2 nanoparticles were mainly controlled by the alkalinity of the solution.
Loss of binder reduced the alkalinity and strength of the mortar and increased its sorptivity.
In mammals, this guidance is provided by the walls of the female reproductive tract, by vaginal secretions that flow gently along the oviduct, and by the increasing alkalinity of these secretions as sperm ascend from the vagina to the egg.
Soil particles contain minerals and nutrients like potassium, calcium, phosphorous and nitrogen that can affect lake ecosystems by changing the alkalinity of the water and increasing the growth of algae and other organisms.
