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As we know, the noise of uniform scalar quantizer is induced by quantization and saturation.
Under some mild conditions, an adaptive robust fault-tolerant control is developed to compensate the affects of uncertainties, actuator failures and errors caused by quantization, and a range of the parameters for these quantizers is established.
To deal with the error caused by quantization, a key technique is to utilize the sector bound property of the quantizers directly instead of decomposing it into a linear part and a nonlinear part.
Basically, the conversion of colors into sounds is achieved by quantization of the HSL color system.
For watermark embedding, the sequence is embedded into the selected coefficients by quantization index modulation technique.
This model is applicable when the CSIT error is dominated by quantization errors.
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Note that in comparison, the frame-by-frame quantization provides 2.02 dB of ASD at 700 bits/s.
Comparative results obtained with classic frame-by-frame quantization and the 2D-transform coding techniques are provided.
A new turn-by-turn quantization thermal-induced bias error model including the traditional "pure Shupe effect", elastic strain interactions and elasto-optical interactions are established.
By using quantization table, we can obtain the quantized 'residual noise'. 5.
The -factor was 200. 8 × 8 DCT coefficients are divided by the quantization step, which is generated by, where, and denotes a predefined quantization table and a -factor, resp).
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