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A first causal mutation in one of these classes of genes (or a rate-limiting combination thereof) leads to tumorigenesis, and subsequent causal mutational events drive tumor progression by providing a selective advantage to the cancer cells through positive selection (Bozic et al., 2010; Vogelstein et al., 2013; Vogelstein and Kinzler, 2004; Wood et al., 2007).
The suppression of cell death could favor the development and progression of neoplasms by providing a selective survival advantage for transformed cells.
Rajnkova reported that increased expression of iNOS may promote gastric cancer progression by providing a selective growth advantage to tumor cells with non-functioning p53.
The polymorphisms in the promoter region of NOS3 gene may be responsible for variations in the plasma NO, which may promote cancer progression by providing a selective growth advantage to tumor cells by angiogenic stimulus and by direct DNA damage.
Additionally, the presence of specific culture conditions (e.g. agonists or antagonists of specific signalling pathways) potentially compensates in part for the absence of ectopic OSKM expression by providing a selective 'environment' during the reprogramming process.
The tumor-associated NO production may promote cancer progression by providing a selective growth advantage to tumor cells, by the angiogenic stimulus [ 6, 7] and by the raise on mutations due to direct action of free radicals in DNA [ 8], and may also stimulate hyperplasia in normal tissue [ 8- 10].
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The aim was to bridge a gap between the premier journal, Journal of Biology [ 2] a home for exceptional research, and the established specialist titles in the BMC series [ 3], such as BMC Bioinformatics, by providing a more selective home for articles of broader interest.
We conclude that K-RasV12 has a modest impact on thymic lymphomagenesis driven by Atm-loss, providing a selective advantage to the tumoral cells, but without accelerating tumor onset.
By providing a simplifying and selective cognitive routine of understanding the etiology of corruption based on a cultural model of health and ill-health, the evocation of "four winds" conveniently circumvents the need to bother with the complex political, economic, and institutional circumstances conducive to corruption.
Although in some ways a complication, the equally important role of non-volatile proteinaceous pheromonal components could help us to develop the syntheses by providing a novel means of selective molecular-based release of the volatile components.
Gap junctions are now recognized as a diverse group of channels that vary in their permeability, voltage sensitivities, and potential for modulation by intracellular factors; thus, heterotypic coupling may also serve to coordinate the activities of the coupled cells by providing a pathway for the selective exchange of molecules below a certain size.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com