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This is done by means of least squares regression as implemented in the lm-function in R. Model control is performed by plotting the standardised residuals vs. the fitted values and normal probability plots of the standardised residuals.
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The model fit was assessed by plotting the raw, standardised and deletion residuals, and the leverage and influence for each random effect and all fixed effects were also assessed [ 21].
Normality was determined by plotting the theoretical quantiles versus standardised residuals (Q-Q plots), while homogeneity of variance was evaluated by plotting residuals versus fitted values [44].
Normality was assessed by plotting the residuals.
Model fit was inspected by plotting standardised deviance residuals against covariates and predicted values.
We have explored this hypothesis by plotting age-standardised period (temporal) and cohort (generational) rates for cancer sites linked to HPV infection.
In Figure 3 we plot the standardised mean age differences by whether or not the trial showed a statistically significant effect.
To construct this plot, the standardised lnDOR = lnDOR/se is plotted (y-axis) against the inverse of the se (1/se) (x-axis).
Figure 3 plots the standardised positivity rates and CI for the mSEPT9 assay results by diagnostic outcome of the colonoscopy.
In Figure 2 we plot the standardised mean age differences between treatment groups (ie., age difference divided by the pooled within group standard deviation).
Frequency distribution, PP plot and QQ plot of the standardised residuals of the multiple linear regression.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com