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In this study we took into consideration the possible confounding factor of ethnicity by performing association analyses adjusted for admixture, as well as for age and gender (Table 1).
Other tools focus solely on the interpretation step and facilitate tasks such as easy filtering of data (VarSifter [ 25]), ranking based on putative pathogenicity (Var-MD [ 26]) or do more complex types of analysis by performing association analyses or looking at different underlying genetic disease models (VAAST [ 27]).
In contrast, Stranger et al. determined the overall contribution of SNPs and copy number variants (CNVs), which belong to another type of common genetic variation (i.e. structural variation) to expression phenotype by performing association analyses of expression levels of 14,925 transcripts with SNPs and CNVs in individuals of the four populations from HapMap Project.
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We performed association analyses by using linear regression implemented in PLINK (Purcell et al. 2007), assuming additive genetic effects, with adjustment for age, sex, site, and for any population substructure (i.e., the first two principal components [PCs]).
We performed association analyses comparing diabetic patients and non-diabetic controls followed by association analyses with extreme phenotypic groups (T2D patients with complications and centenarians).
This left 13 821 probes with which to perform association analyses.
To do so, we verified which PI3-K isoform complex is found in Fak/Src-mediated signaling cassettes by performing IP analyses (and verification of association via co-IP), following apoptosis/anoikis-inducing treatments and in comparison to untreated (control) cultures.
EVW performed the association analyses.
We also performed genotype association analyses.
Furthermore, we assessed whether associations were modified by sex or age (< 65 years vs. ≥ 65 years) by performing stratified analyses.
We conducted a systematic update in the MelGene database by including detailed summaries of all recently published association studies and by performing meta- analyses in all eligible polymorphisms that have been investigated in multiple studies to provide a summary effect for the association of each single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to CM risk.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com