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Activated macrophages phagocytose antigens by pattern recognition receptors (such as mannose receptor 16, and provided signals to mediate T cells activation.
IFN-I is a family of proinflammatory cytokines that are early induced during infection and mainly secreted from infected cells after recognition of viral products by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs).
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is recognized by pattern recognition receptors on macrophages and dendritic cells, thereby triggering phagocytosis, antigen presentation to T cells and cytokine secretion.
Pathogens are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and may be cleared in the innate immune system.
We investigated whether direct interaction of E. coli with keratinocytes might induce an innate immune response through recognition by pattern recognition receptors.
The PTI response includes perceptions of MAMPs by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) at the cell surface, followed by subsequent signal transduction into the cytoplasm to trigger immunity.
The remarkable resistance of the urinary tract to infection has been attributed to its physical properties and the innate immune responses triggered by pattern recognition receptors lining the tract.
PTI is activated through recognition of PAMPs by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) located on the plant cell surface; the resulting basal defense response prevents potential pathogens from colonizing on plant tissues (Chakravarthy et al. [2009]; Chujo et al. [2013]).
The recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of pathogens by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is important for the induction of type I interferons (IFN) (Medzhitov and Janeway, 2000).
Collectively, it is tempting to speculate that chitin recognition by pattern recognition receptors triggers the induction of chitinases, leading to the generation of small-sized chitin particles that are taken up by the host cell.
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A renaissance of elicitors: perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns and danger signals by pattern-recognition receptors.
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