Sentence examples for by parallel mutations in from inspiring English sources

Thus, the Fabaceae may be an excellent system to examine to what extent parallel changes in morphology are determined by parallel mutations in genotype, i.e. are the same genes mutated or do plants have many alternative genetic pathways for obtaining the same phenotype?

Thus it is probable that similar HVS I sequences in Stone Age individuals and modern Russian individuals may be related only within the bounds of the whole subcluster U5a2a, defined, in fact, by parallel mutations at np 16311 originating independently.

An analysis of expected number of homoplasies caused by parallel mutations and the number of apparent homoplasies in the most parsimonious tree was performed on the pre-/early-vaccination data set [see [ 32, 35]].

We ignored SNPs at CpG sites since these evolve rapidly and may thus be affected by parallel mutations.

We observe, however, 6 parallel mutations in the tree.

These mutations occur significantly more frequently together than alone in the complete Yg6 dataset, suggesting these mutations are shared by descent from a new source gene, rather than by multiple parallel mutation events.

Because parallel mutations can lead to complicated structures in such a network, the concept of a "reduced" median network was also introduced (Bandelt et al. 1995), in which one attempts to simplify the network by postulating appropriate parallel mutation events.

In contrast, markers formed by reverse mutations may only partially include smaller sets, while parallel mutations may comprise marker sets which are only partially included by larger sets.

We observed great variety in the numbers and types of mutations that occurred, including instances of parallel mutations at targets that may have been "rationalized" by the bioengineer, plus other "illogical" mutations that demonstrate the ability of evolution to expose unforeseen optimization solutions.

ND = not done; Bold = parallel mutations.

This C-terminal movement was facilitated and hindered by specific mutations in parallel with experimentally observed facilitation and inhibition of fusion.