According to the World Bank, fully two-thirds of Indonesia's reefs are currently threatened by overfishing.
Conservationists say all populations of bluefin tuna are being depleted by overfishing.
Fishermen, on the other hand, could realize that, by overfishing, they are driving down prices and depleting fishing stocks.
Climate change will weaken these ecosystems, already stressed by overfishing, creeping desertification, deforestation and destruction of coral reefs.
Many Somalian pirates are fishermen who can no longer make a living in waters depleted by overfishing.
Marine protected areas and other such reserves provide relief to ecosystems threatened by overfishing, habitat destruction, pollution and global warming.
There are no deep-water reserves that may help replenish species as they are depleted by overfishing, as there are with bony fish.
Jellyfish first gained major scientific attention in the 1980's, when a huge jellyfish bloom devastated the Black Sea, an ecosystem already weakened by overfishing of anchovies.
The goal, say biologists, is to perfect methods that could be used around the world to rescue reefs endangered by overfishing, pollution and global warming.
Many fisheries scientists argue that such reserves offer the best hope for restoring ecosystems stressed by overfishing, pollution and global warming.
The populations of numerous high-value species, including H. fuscogilva, H. whitmaei, H. scabra, and Isostichopus fuscus, have been decimated by overfishing that has occurred since the 1980s.
