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The validity of these expectations is corroborated by numerous studies, which indicate that introducing pharmacotherapy increases the number of patients permanently giving up smoking [ 25- 28, 41].
This view has however been challenged by numerous studies which have provided evidence for the existence of programmed forms of necrosis that do not depend on caspases but nevertheless follow defined molecular steps [ 20].
This is supported by numerous studies, which have demonstrated changes in the structure as well as the function of sensory neurons in cancer pain states, which are attributed to effects of tumour growth and tumour-associated mediators (Cain et al, 2001; Constantin et al, 2008; Mantyh, 2004).
These sentiments have been shared and confirmed by numerous studies which have consistently highlighted the barriers to research utilisation as time constraints, lack of awareness of available research literature, insufficient authority to change practice, inadequate skills in critical appraisal and lack of support for implementation of research findings [ 2, 4- 7].
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bSee numerous studies which either propose capacity mechanisms [8-12] or question the need for them [18,20,27,38,40-43].
In this special issue, we collected numerous studies which provide novel evidence to support the opinion.
Xanthine oxidase is exemplified by numerous studies in which inhibition of xanthine oxidase attenuated symptoms of several vascular diseases including congestive heart failure, sickle cell anemia, and diabetes [ 47– 47].
THMs' carcinogenic effects have been confirmed by numerous studies employing laboratory animals, which show that THMs in the drinking water are associated with colorectal tumors, BC, and bladder tumors as a result of nongenetic toxicity [ 34].
Genetic exchange within the genus Quercus was suspected for a long time [ 8] and confirmed by numerous recent studies which used both chloroplast and nuclear genetic markers [ 9- 12].
16 As demonstrated in our study, patients with NSCLC and EGFR mutation are non-smokers in the majority of cases, which has been confirmed by numerous studies.
This approach, which is not evidence based, has been challenged by numerous studies in the last decade [2 8].
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