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It includes a step to adjust for the different correlations in each gene set by normalizing each set score from randomized set scores.
The relative mRNA amounts were determined by normalizing each set of samples using the difference in threshold cycles (ΔCT) between interested genes and GAPDH as reference gene (ΔCTSamples = ΔCTinterested − ΔCTGAPDH).
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Copy number values were generated by normalizing each sample's probe set intensity to that of a reference.
Relative stoichiometries were calculated by normalizing each protein by iBAQ value against the bait protein (CSA).
In order to avoid the noise caused by variable set effects we normalized each set to pre-saved distribution pattern of a well balanced set used as a reference distribution.
eThe probability set is obtained by normalizing the set of weights.
(3) β gcr = a 0 cr ∗ a g + a 1 cr the model is made identifiable by normalizing within each condition by setting β ¯ gc.
This is consistent with the very similar duplication ages for the out-group paralog in each set estimated by normalizing their divergences to their divergence with their inferred Mus caroli ortholog and multiplying by the estimated divergence time of M. caroli lineages from M. m. domesticus (Laukaitis et al. 2008).
By sequencing clones derived from RNA from different sources, and/or by normalizing cDNA libraries, the total set of genes sampled can be maximized.
Relative gene expression of the 31,099 probe sets on the chip was determined by normalizing the raw expression values for each probe set to the DMSO control (= one-fold change for each probe set) from each independent experiment.
Note that in Algorithm 1, to solve the local variable update (22), we can normalize the problem data (i.e., sum power ( ∑ l ∈ L ( n ) ∥ m l ∥ 2 2 ) ) by normalizing factor β n > 0 and set ρ = 1, which is equivalent to set ρ = β n in Algorithm 1, if the problem data (i.e., sum power ( ∑ l ∈ L ( n ) ∥ m l ∥ 2 2 ) ) is not normalized.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com