Enzyme concentrations were determined by nitrogen analysis using a Skalar Primacs SN Total Nitrogen Analyser (Breda, The Netherlands), which uses the Dumas method of combusting all nitrogen to NOx.
The molasses employed for fermentation contained 3.8% (w/v) glucose, 6.6% (w/v) fructose, 30.3% (w/v) sucrose, 42.0 mmol/ml of amino nitrogen by ninhydrin analysis, and ~14.2 g N/L (based on its published nitrogen content of 1.01% (w/w) of N).
During this tailoring of large pores, however, the globular structures are porous as even indicated by SEM and confirmed by nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis (Table 1, Figure 10).
A nitrogen analysis performed by μ-Auger spectroscopy showed that nitride from the spacers was re-sputtered on the active areas during the SSE process, subsequently blocking the salicidation.
The porosity and surface area of the developed micro/nanospheres and bulk polymers were determined by nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis using a nitrogen surface area analyzer (ASAP 2012, Micromeritics Instrument Corp., USA).
The new heterogeneous catalysts, as well as the precedent materials, were characterized by nitrogen elemental analysis, Mn ICP-AES, nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, TG-IR and XPS.
Furthermore, the increase of pore diameter in function of oil concentration was clearly observed by nitrogen adsorption desorption analysis.
The surface area was characterized by nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (Autosorb-1, Quantachrome Instruments, Boynton Beach, FL, USA).
Protein content (%N 5.7, 14% moisture basis) was determined by nitrogen combustion analysis with a LECO (Model FP analyzer, St. Jopeph, MI) calibrated against EDTA.
