Sentence examples for by mutations that change from inspiring English sources

This could be tested by mutations that change only the nearest neighbors without changing tertiary interactions.

Drug resistance is caused by mutations that change the balance of recognition favoring substrate cleavage over inhibitor binding.

In vivo, TUNEL-positive cells can be detected in the SCGs of mice during the period of developmental neuronal death, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells per SCG is altered by mutations that change the rate of NGF withdrawal-induced death in vitro.

Yet another possibility is that some ORFan genes emerged de novo from non-coding regions of each genome without being inherited in the regular evolutionary path, for example by shifting the reading frame, a phenomenon called overprinting (see e.g. Delaye et al., 2008) or by mutations that change non-coding regions to open reading frames (Long et al., 2003).

Changes in the food source lead to random mutations that change beak size c.

The agonist affinity can be modified by mutations that cause a structural change in the binding site, or when an agonist-specific binding residue is altered.

Each of these approaches requires significant manual examination of the results to extract true-positives from a high background rate of spurious predictions and to precisely describe the sequence changes caused by mutations that lead to structural variation.

The Hill coefficient can be changed, for example, by mutations that alter number of binding sites within the DNA.

The theory emerged in part from thinking about events other than mutations that can change gene behavior.

Several gfp variants have been created by point mutations that change the spectral properties of encoded protein (Tsien 1998; Haseloff 1999; Patterson et al. 2001; Stewart 2001, 2006; Kremers et al. 2011).

Gene evolution can be assessed by measuring single nucleotide mutations that change (nonsynonymous, dN) or do not change (synonymous, dS) the encoded amino acid.