Because I am a historian who works surrounded by multiple papers, they tend to accumulate on the surface of my two desks round the lap-top without which I could no longer function, having been shamed into the computer-era in the late 1980s by my students in New York.
These 84 articles were grouped into 69 distinct integration projects to avoid the distortion created by multiple papers describing the same project.
The same gene being selected by multiple papers would then be unlikely, although the same information contribution would be made.
If the same plasmid had been assayed by multiple papers, an average was taken from all available measurements.
Some of these functions can be carried out by selecting folders or multiple papers, e.g., to find papers related to a collection of multiple papers or to upload many files at once.
Duplicates were removed where there was more than one article reporting on the same study since the reviewers wanted to avoid skewing the review by including multiple papers reporting on the same or similar findings.
JOD tries to give voice to different types of authors by offering multiple paper formats: research articles, research primers, point of view articles, translational articles, and case studies.
Multiple papers by the same author could be included, as could publications not exclusively aimed at bioethics if they met all other criteriad.
By synthesising data across multiple papers drawn from studies conducted in different settings with different sub-groups of patients (e.g. older versus younger adults, white versus black and ethnic minorities) we may have ironed out subtle but important differences in findings in favour of a line of argument that sought out similarities.
All articles retrieved from this search were screened at three levels (title, abstract, and full paper) by multiple trained researchers to ensure that relevant articles were not missed.
