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Collectively, our data indicates that constitutive hepatocyte COX-2 expression ameliorates NASH and liver fibrosis development in mice by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis and by modulating activation of hepatic stellate cells, respectively, suggesting a possible protective role for COX-2 induction in NASH/NAFLD progression.
On the other hand, the recessive resistance gene xa5 is an allele of the general transcription factors TFIIAγ (Iyer and McCouch 2004), which probably confer resistance by modulating activation of other TALE targets.
Mechanistic data suggest that DDT could play a role in pancreatic cancer by modulating activation of the oncogene K-ras (Porta et al. 1999).
A role for ROS is well established as an upstream mediator of autophagy by modulating activation of AMPK, MTOR, and MAPKs.
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Recent evidence suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 may affect T-dependent responses in cattle; however, mechanisms by which this vitamin modulates activation of bovine T cells are unclear.
HP is reported to bind both protein kinase C-δ and importin-α5, two proteins that modulate activation of STAT1 by phosphorylation and STAT1/2 nuclear translocation respectively.
Stimulators, such as cytokines, control the expression of MMP-9 by modulating the activation of AP-1 and NF-κB through Ras/Raf/ERK, JNK, and PI-3 K-AKT/PKB signaling pathways [ 9, 14, 18, 19].
Stimulators, including cytokines, control the expression of MMP-9 by modulating the activation of transcription factors such as AP-1 and NF-κB through the Ras/Raf/ERK, JNK, and PI-3 K-AKT/PKB signaling pathways [ 9, 14, 18, 19].
Hence, this might be a way of allowing fast adaptation to changing environmental or host conditions by modulating transcriptional activation of specific PlcR-controlled genes without unnecessary inactivation of the entire regulon.
Our recent study also demonstrated that LBP protect RGC by modulating the activation of microglia in an animal model of chronic ocular hypertension [65].
In previous study, we found that analgesic effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on inflammatory pain partly produced by modulating the activation of the spinal ERK1/2 [ 18].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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