Sentence examples for by modelling the evolution from inspiring English sources

In this paper we develop a dynamic explanation, by modelling the evolution of a newly-liberalized bank's opportunities and incentives to take on risk over time.

The growth dynamics are described by modeling the evolution of the effective cross-sectional area of each constituent.

This is addressed by modeling the evolution of non-overlapping nucleotide "tuples", and comparing the results to a model of independent nucleotide evolution.

While traditional alignment algorithms assume identical mutation rates throughout the sequence, we introduce an alternative evolutionary model allowing for rate heterogeneity by modeling the evolution of both quickly and slowly evolving regions.

By modeling the evolution of a regulated pathway wherein hybrid incompatibility can arise as a consequence of misregulated gene expression, Johnson and Porter 38 showed that parallel selection is expected to yield reproductive isolation regardless of the underlying mechanisms relating genotype to phenotype.

Maximum likelihood methods estimate phylogenetic relations by modeling the sequence evolution (i.e., nucleotide substitution patterns) of genes to construct the gene trees (Swofford et al. 1996).

This method, by explicitly modeling the evolution of each sequence segment in the presence of recombination and mutation, provides estimates of the recombination rates that are not artificially inflated by the presence of related sequences in the dataset.

4 This paper will advance beyond the current models of indirect reciprocity by explicitly modeling the evolution signaling as a mechanism for reputation tracking.

A third class of approaches can be labeled "single-stage" methods, in which species trees are inferred by simultaneously modeling the evolution of sequences among all sampled loci to output a species tree estimate [ 17- 20].

By explicitly modeling the evolution of visual pigments and visual perception, we wish to examine if, and under which conditions, speciation within a continuous population can occur when no other causes of divergent selection are invoked.

These rates of heterogeneity were used by rose to model the evolution of the seed sequences along the T60 tree.