Sentence examples for by minimizing the surface from inspiring English sources

The equilibrium crystal shape of c-ZrO2 nano-particles, calculated according to the Wulff construction by minimizing the surface energy, can be described as a truncated octahedron showing a mixture of (001) and (111) surfaces (Fig. 6b).

Starting from a rough initial guess, the individual cell wall positions predicted by simple image processing in a liquid foam are refined using the Cellular Potts Model in Fig. 2 by minimizing the surface tension.

Numerical studies of multilayer adsorptive system were reported mostly by considering isotropic and anisotropic vertical diffusion for gas-condensate system, assuming preferential motion of adatoms toward lower layers by minimizing the surface energy (see, for example, Ref. [16]).

This technique can be further strengthened by minimizing the surface damage inflicted to the cells by employing the use of a soft silicon tip, in place of blunt trauma [ 16].

Reduce friction on the axle by minimizing the surface area of the support that contacts the drive axle.

Friction Minimize friction on the axle by minimizing the contact surface area.

For minimizing the surface energy, the surface reconstructed to remove some of these dangling bonds, and this is usually done by the formation of sp2 sites.

The equilibrium configuration of identical particles evolved during sintering was determined by minimizing the sum of surface energy and grain boundary energy for the case where the interparticle distance was constrained.

On the other hand, other researchers have pointed out that leaf growth restraint can aid survival during drought by minimizing the evaporative leaf surface area [ 49].

On the other hand, a restraint of shoot growth has been shown to be advantageous in adverse environments by minimizing the evaporative leaf surface area.

For a given external pressure, the material cost is minimized by minimizing the thickness of the surface layers.