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In the third stage, the estimate of thickness will be achieved by minimizing a predefined cost function wherein the estimated permittivity and the outputted instrumental variables are involved.
Subsequently in the last stage, estimation of the thickness will be implemented by minimizing a predefined cost function based on the estimated permittivity and the instrumental variables outputted from the other two regression functions.
In the former, the permittivity of the wall is estimated by the regression function, and in the latter, the estimate of the thickness is obtained by minimizing a predefined cost function in which the estimated permittivity and the other two regression functions are involved.
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The corresponding grading functions are obtained solving an underlying optimization problem that minimizes a predefined objective function characterized by an equivalent stress quantity.
Then the switching action that minimizes a predefined cost function is selected to be applied in the next sampling instant.
In contrast, a Cochrane Review circumvents this by using a predefined, rigorous and explicit methodology.
Two authors performed independent data extraction by using a predefined data template.
We searched electronic health care databases and sources of gray literature by using a predefined strategy.
Two reviewers independently extracted data from each included, by using a predefined, piloted template.
Distortions caused by gradient nonlinearities were corrected by applying a predefined, scanner-specific, nonlinear transformation (Jovicich et al. 2006).
Methodological quality was also assessed independently by DA Montgomery and K Krupa by means of a predefined form.
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