The structure of the transition state was probed by measuring pairwise interaction energies using double-mutant-cycles.
Chemical modification could be followed quantitatively by measuring the interaction force between the scanning tip and the mica surface.
MEMS thermal conductivity based gas sensors work by measuring the interaction of a heated polysilicon bridge with an ambient gas and sensing temperature changes.
Efficacy of the proposed methods has been proved by measuring the interaction forces between the tool and the last handled by a robot during different technological operations (roughing, polishing etc) typical of the shoe fabrication cycle.
For example, Pappalardo et al. [28] propose a definition of tie strength by measuring the interaction between two individuals over three different social channels: Facebook, Twitter, and Foursquare.
The validity of this hypothesis can be established by measuring allele interaction for genes known to be downstream regulated or expressed from constitutive promoters.
We confirmed these results by measuring the interaction between the HECT domains and monomeric and dimeric ubiquitin by fluorescence polarization and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay (Fig 2C; supplementary Fig S1D F online).
The genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) approach can characterize the landscape of 3D genome organization by measuring interaction frequencies between all genomic regions.
Alira CEO Alexandra Werth opened her pitch with a brief history lesson: "The idea of using light for sensing is nothing new," she said, noting that spectrometers, which differentiate materials by measuring their interactions with light, date back at least to the 1850s.
"By measuring the interactions among many different molecules, we determined that the sugar-signaling molecule, T6P, binds with KIN10 and interferes with its interaction with a previously unidentified intermediate in this process, known as GRIK1, which is needed for KIN10 to tag WRINKLED1 for destruction.
