Sentence examples for by maximum likelihood approaches from inspiring English sources
Individual West African, Amerindian, and European genetic admixture estimates were obtained by maximum likelihood approaches as reported in [88].
The background (no-signal) intensity, λ, was independently estimated for intronic and intergenic regions by maximum likelihood approach.
By using Maximum Likelihood approaches, evidence of positive selection was found in all the TLRs studied.
But in situations of short data snapshots, they may not be reliable and one would be obliged to trade low complexity for more accurate estimation by simply applying the maximum likelihood approaches.
The dN/dS was calculated by using codon-based maximum likelihood approaches with the single-likelihood ancestor method implemented in hypothesis testing using the phylogenies package (22 ) (http://www.datamonkey.org).org
The gene genealogy was inferred by maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood approaches using the implementations of PAUP [ 102] and RAxML, respectively, of the CIPRES portal http://www.phylo.org/sub_sections/portal.
Catsper1 phylogenies built by Neighbor-Joining and Maximum Likelihood approaches (Additional file 3) showed almost identical topology, but they showed some differences when compared to the species tree, which suggests that CatSper1 may be subjected to selective forces that would alter the evolutionary pattern expected from the phylogenetic relationships among the species.
Trees were generated by Bayesian as well as maximum likelihood approaches.
Similarly, Datamonkey [ http://www.datamonkey.org/] is a publically available set of tools implemented by HyPhy package that include robust maximum likelihood approaches to determine the total species dN/dS ratio.
Ancestral network reconstruction in an explicitly phylogenetic context requires evaluations of structural relationships and biochemical rules by which the compounds and enzymes are linked in the networks of closely-related species and reconstruction of ancestral networks by either parsimony [ 89– 91] or maximum likelihood approaches [ 92– 92].
These methods belong to either counting or maximum likelihood approaches.
