Sentence examples for by mapping the bits from inspiring English sources

Each X(k) is acquired by mapping the bits to symbols.

This estimation was implemented in the soft decisor by mapping the soft bits back to symbols, hence obtaining a reliable estimation of the transmitted symbols.

In an AWGN channel (h AR =h BR =1 in Fig. 1), this can be simply achieved by mapping the information bits to the real-valued Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) constellation at S A and purely imaginary-valued ASK constellation at S B (or vice versa).

By mapping a single bit onto a carrier burst, the Morse code invented for the telegraph in 1836 comes closer to this minimum energy than approaches used in modern terrestrial radio.

Encoding is performed by mapping a group of n bits to 2 n BPSK symbols, or a group of 2n bits to 2 n 4-QAM symbols.

This is performed by mapping a block of information bits into a constellation point in the signal and spatial domains[3].

Let be a transmitted vector of length, obtained by mapping a set of information bits onto an -QAM constellation.

This encoding process is not followed here, as the set of m = 2 n balanced codewords are determined before hand, after which encoding is performed by mapping a set of n bits to 2 n balanced binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) symbols of length 2 n, or by mapping a set of 2n bits to 2 n balanced quaternary quadrature amplitude modulation (4-QAM) symbols of length 2 n.

Using these mappings, we compute a similarity score for each protein contig mapping by summing the bit scores across the aligned regions defined by genewise according to a distance matrix (BLOSUM62 in our case).

However, some of this information loss is re-compensated by mapping bit-patterns to structural motifs in 3D conformations.

This is due to the fact that the probability of different trigrams being mapped to the same bit is very low (this probability is given by equation 1), since just five hash functions map the trigrams of a name onto 1,000 bits.