Sentence examples for by many pathogens from inspiring English sources

Pore-forming proteins are employed by many pathogens to achieve successful host colonization.

Bio-agents can induce resistance against various diseases caused by many pathogens such as viruses (Maurhofer et al. 1994), bacteria (Park and Kloepper 2000) and fungi (Bokhari and Perveen 2012).

From a clinical perspective, topical immunotherapy of mucosal surfaces with monoclonal antibodies can block entry and transmission of bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites that infect humans, and defeat some key strategies, evolved by many pathogens, to evade the host immune system.

The model presented combines pathogen transmission, mutation and selection under minimal assumptions that are verified by many pathogens.

Innate immune responses are initiated as a result of recognition by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of conserved molecules expressed by many pathogens (pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs).

Post-translational modifications of histones can regulate the extent of condensation and heterochromatin-mediated regulation is one mechanism used by many pathogens to control differential expression of members of subtelomeric gene families [6].

These efforts will also benefit from building on the commendably open and collaborative approaches for the development of knowledge and analytical methods that are already being taken by many pathogen genomics researchers.

Honeybees defend against many pathogens by producing antibiotic substances such as propolis and royal jelly [13], [14].

The explanation of convergence in wood chemical traits due to a need for resistance to cellulose-degrading pathogens is particularly appealing, given the wide taxonomic range of hosts infected by many common pathogens (Augspurger and Wilkinson 2007; Hersh et al. 2012).

The conserved defence system is often referred to as the innate immunity system and this has been overcome by many successful pathogens [ 1] via production of pore-forming toxins or injection of pathogen effectors through pores in the plant plasma membrane [ 2].

The growth and sporulation of many pathogens is favored by high humidity, and temperature requirements are similar to other mesophiles, with ranges between 5 and 50°C and optima between 20 and 30°C [ 1, 12, 13].