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Severity of COPD is clinically assessed by lung function tests and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide.
This implies that it might be possible to detect ventilation heterogeneities by the AUC CVT) method earlier in a disease process than by lung function tests.
Subjects S10 to S13 showed deviating density curves compared to the mean curve (calculated from subjects S1 to S4), and consequently higher AUC CV > 20%) values, without abnormalities detected by lung function tests.
Among the healthy subjects, there is a group with increased AUC CV > 20%) values, but with normal lung function tests, which implies that it might be possible to differentiate ventilation heterogeneities earlier in a disease process than by lung function tests.
The diagnosis is based on poor airflow as measured by lung function tests.
Response was assessed by lung function tests and symptom questionnaires.
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The changes also call for CWP surveillance to be conducted not only by X ray, but also by lung function testing using spirometry.
In an embedded cross-shift study, 46 individuals were investigated by lung function testing prior to and after exposures to DF or RME (Hasford et al., 1997).
COPD is defined as 'a decreased airflow that is not fully reversible' and is classically diagnosed by lung function testing (FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second).
The book offers a comprehensive review in 15 chapters, starting with respiratory physiology, followed by lung function testing methods including body plethysmography and diffusion capacity measurement, blood gas analysis, and exercise testing.
However, the potential effect of such aerosols cannot be fully evaluated by conventional lung function tests because these are insensitive to peripheral lung structure.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com