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Here, we develop a method for RF estimation from responses to natural stimuli that corrects for the biases introduced by spherical asymmetries by explicitly weighting the contribution of each stimulus to the RF estimate not only by the response it evokes, but also by its probability of occurrence relative to other stimuli with the same magnitude (vector norm).
Previously, economists had believed that people's decisions are determined by the expected gains from each possible future scenario multiplied by its probability of occurring, but if people make an irrational judgment by giving more weight to some scenarios than to others, their decision will be different from that predicted by traditional economic theory.
Portfolio value is maximized by appropriately prioritizing the projects within the portfolio based on the future potential financial value of each project multiplied by its probability of success.
Therefore, each LSC is considered as an individual, which has a fitness given by its probability of preference by the student, as shown in Table 2.
The system performance is measured by its probability of correct classification (Pcc), defined as the percentage of the total number of modulation classifications made that were accurate.
Thus, the run length distribution averaged over a certain time interval is again a sum of different exponentials, each weighted by its probability of being chosen.
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We calculate the weight of an edge by considering its probability of being within a module or between modules.
However, our data clearly evidences that some of the mutations detected cannot be considered neutral and by consequence its probability of intra-individual fixation may be smaller than the frequency in heteroplasmic individuals.
The varying channel, characterized by its probability distribution, makes the optimization problem of finding the best rate allocation very complicated.
First, each observation was weighted by the inverse of its probability of selection, and second, the weights were normalized by dividing the first step probability weights by their average.
Due to the nature of the type of journey offered by the "pirogue method", its probability of success is much lower than with the embassy method.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com