Deisseroth's lab isolated a rat neuron in a petri dish, and Zhang chose a benign lentivirus to introduce the opsin into the cell.
Collagen gels were formed by isolating rat tail collagen as previously described [38], mixing purified collagen 1∶1 with EGM2 media (clonetics) and overlaying the solidified collagen gels with EGM2 media.
Here, by isolating single fibers from rat flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) muscle we were able to identify and clonally characterize two main subpopulations of SCs: the low proliferative clones (LPC) present in major proportion (∼75%) and the high proliferative clones (HPC), present instead in minor amount (∼25%).
USVs are thought to induce or modulate behaviors: 40-kHz USVs by isolated infant rats induce maternal and retrieval behavior in adult female rats [8], [9]; 50-kHz USVs emitted by male rats induce solicitation behavior in female rats [10], [11]; and 22-kHz USVs reduce aggressive behavior of dominant male rats [2].
FOXE1, previously termed thyroid transcription factor-2, (TTF-2) was originally isolated by screening a rat cDNA library [ 2].
They began by isolating the cDNA of putative receptors by RT-PCR with primers which were selected from a region of homology among GPCRs of the VIP/glucagon/secretin family from rat pancreatic islet RNA.
Full-length rat TRIM3, TRIM2, and TRIM9 cDNAs were isolated by PCR from a rat brain cDNA library, cloned into a modified pGW1 vector (British Biotechnology) containing an N-terminal FLAG epitope, and confirmed by direct sequencing.
Similar results were observed for polysaccharides isolated from Ganoderma lucidum which increased the level of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β, TNF- α, and IL-6) secreted by macrophages isolated from rat bone marrow [ 42].
Futhermore, only amorphous calcium pyrophosphate mineral was deposited by isolated human osteoarthritic MVs and rachitic rat MVs in the presence of ATP in mineralization assays (30, 31).
Using an isolated perfused rat heart model, the intracellular O2– formation is detected by a fluorescent O2– probe.
