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However, this network is still limited by half-duplex constraints.
By half-duplex, we restrict that the relay R cannot receive and transmit at the same time.
See discussions in Section 2.2. 4 By half-duplex we mean each node can choose to either transmit or receive, but not both at the same time.
Traditional one-way relay transmission has a 1/2 spectral efficiency loss than direct transmission, which is induced by half-duplex relay nodes [5].
The delay of half duplex is a double of full duplex.
Traditionally, wireless communication nodes operate in half duplex (HD) mode, i.e., in either time division duplex (TDD) mode or frequency division duplex (FDD) mode.
From Figure 2, letting the coarse measurement of propagation delay, is given by Figure 2 Half Duplex range packets used to measure coarse propagation delay.
Full duplex Half duplex (opt).
Half duplex (opt).
The half duplex and the full duplex also have been discussed in this paper.
Generally, there are two kinds of relaying modes: full duplex and half duplex.
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