Sentence examples for by gnr from inspiring English sources

Also, 4 grams of each sample were powdered and analysed by an X-ray diffractometer MPD 3000 model manufacture by GNR company.

The blue color is produced by GNR, and the red is produced by GNS.

In addition, a toughening effect, produced by GNRs bridging the cracks was observed.

Both SEM and TEM images show that LFPO particles are wrapped closely by GNRs with electrostatic interaction and embedded into a flexible network matrix of GNRs.

However, in both cases, the pores between silica spheres are densely covered by GNRs, but GNRs fail to cover the silica spheres completely.

Moreover, in some regions, collection of nanorods can have identical orientation (Huang et al. 2006), and this will be a possible situation when in some macroscopic regions, thermal effect will be realized with absorption laser energy by GNRs, but in some regions, thermal effects will be absent.

When the irradiated sample reaches the equilibrium temperature (Tmax), the incoming heat flux should be equal to the outgoing heat flux (toward the non-irradiated area of the sample), and therefore, Tmax is directly proportional to the optical power absorbed by GNRs: Q ˙ I + Q ˙ 0 - Q ˙ ext = 0 → Q ˙ I + Q ˙ 0 = Q ˙ ext Q ˙ I + Q ˙ 0 = hA T max - T ref (10).

For comparative purposes, we also fabricated SERS substrates by depositing GNR sols differing in concentration directly on plain silicon wafers as described previously in [33].