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Changes in the distribution of live and dead bacteria were investigated by fluorescence staining using LIVE/DEAD BacLight.
This was performed by fluorescence staining using the annexin V-FLUO staining kit (Roche, F) according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
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Binding of the Gd-ProCA1-affi to the selected cells was first analyzed by immuno-fluorescence staining using the polyclonal antibody against PEGylated parental protein ProCA1 (PAbPGCA1) (Fig. 2).
The subcellular distribution of actin filaments, β- and γ-actins and DNase I (a marker of monomeric actin) in cancer cells was examined by fluorescence staining and using a confocal laser scanning microscope (Olympus FV 500).
Cell apoptosis was detected by fluorescence staining of cell nuclei and a flow cytometry assay using Annexin V/PI double staining.
After 16 h of incubation at 37°C, cells in the upper chamber were removed with a cotton swap, and the cells that had traversed the membrane were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde/PBS and quantified by DAPI staining using a fluorescence microscope and ImageJ software.
To confirm that fluorescence-immunospot accurately measures dual-cytokine secreting cells, we compared the number of PPD-specific IFN-γ/IL-2-secreting cells enumerated by fluorescence-immunospot with numbers detected by dual staining using the cytokine secretion assay (CSA) in PBMC from 15 BCG-vaccinated healthy donors.
Cells were measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting immediately after staining using forward and side scatter signals to establish the lymphocyte gate and exclude unwanted material (nonviable cells, debris and cell clumps) from cell evaluation.
Analysis of these maltose-grown C. glutamicum IMpgm cells by fluorescence microscopy using the membrane stain Nile Red and the DNA stain Hoechst indeed showed that these elongated shapes consist of several individual DNA-containing cells divided by membranes.
Leukocyte contamination was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy using propidium iodide staining.
Other tissue core specimens that were placed in sterile saline were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy using auramine-rhodamine staining.
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