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The mean lifetime is estimated by fitting a two parameter exponential model to the background-corrected data.
Two-component Gaussian mixture approximation - The density is approximated by fitting a two component Gaussian mixture a 1 N ( μ 1, σ 1 2 ) + a 2 N ( μ 2, σ 2 2 ), where μ 1, μ 2, σ 1 2, σ 2 2, a 1, and a2 are estimated from the observations.
Rolexa corrects for these optical effects by fitting a two dimensional Lowess model to the intensities of each tile.
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Apparent axial dispersion coefficients were found by fitting a three parameter model to tracer-response data.
Apparent ABA affinities (K′d) were calculated from emission ratio plots by fitting a four parameter logistic curve R = R m i n + R m a x − R m i n 1 + ([ A B A ] K ' d ) n or from ΔR/ Δ Rmax plots by fitting a three parameter sigmoidal Hill equation Δ R Δ R m a x = R m a x · [ A B A ] n K d ′ n · [ A B A ] n (Palmer et al., 2006) using the SigmaPlot 10.0 version (Systat, San Jose, CA).
A restricted domain [ x1, x2] (with x1 and x2 the lower and upper limits for x) can be taken into account by fitting a four parameter beta function [ 20] or by replacing x in (Eq. 6) with x* = (x - x1)/(x2 - x1).
Method 2 cannot be used to fit a five-parameter model when case/mother duos (as opposed to case/parent trios) are the unit of analysis; however, we can illustrate the same point for Method 2 (as well as all other methods) by fitting a three- or four-parameter model when the generating model is actually smaller (i.e. consists of only a subset of the parameters), see Supplementary Figures 19 21.
Trabecular bone of the distal femur was selected for analysis by fitting a 1 mm×1.5 mm elliptic region of interest in the center of the femur, starting at 40 slices (0.25 mm) proximally from the growth plate and extending a further 160 slices (0.99 mm) in the proximal direction.
The spectra were quantitatively analyzed in the low-loss region, i.e. energy loss ≤50 eV, by fitting a sum of two Lorentz functions begin{aligned} S (E =L_1(E)&+L_2(E + O end{aligned (1)with begin{aligned} L_i(E)&= frac{2A_i}{pi } frac{w_i}{4 left( E-E_iright) ^2+w_i^2}, quad (i=1 withnd{aligned} (2)to the deconvoluted spectra.
They identify differentially expressed genes by fitting a mixture of two densities (Gaussian or Student's t).
Signal intensity data from replicate samples were used to perform differential expression analysis by fitting a linear model (one way ANOVA) using the limma package.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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