The result is possible, however, because the stopping boundaries were obtained by fitting a separate logistic regression model at each stage of the questionnaire, without constraining these boundaries to be monotonic.
The size distribution was determined by a constrained regularization method.
In brief, using IDSI fitting analysis constrained by ICA + BSM, voxel-wise isotropic diffusion fractions, fdk=1,2,3,4 were estimated at four discrete isotropic spectral bands, d1 = 0, d2 = 1.0, d3 = 2.0 and d4 = 3.0 × 10−3 mm/s.
The latter may be obtained by standard methods after fitting a Cox model to the validation data with no covariates other than the PI with regression coefficient constrained to 1 (i.e. the model ln h(t) = ln h0 t)+ PI).
The site size of SSB was determined by fitting the data to a two-segment line, where the x- and y-intercepts of the first segment and the slope of the second segment were constrained to zero.
We discuss the problem of fitting a B-spline curve to a point cloud by squared distance minimization in the case that both the point cloud and the fitting curve are constrained to lie on a smooth manifold.
The analysis fitting a single multivariable-adjusted model that allowed the effect estimates of BC to vary by sex, but constrained the effect estimates of covariates to be the same for males and females, did not materially change these results.
We have minimized the contribution of pH uncertainty to the observed discrepancy by constraining predicted pH by fitting the ∑CO2 aq) concentration in leg 4, where we observed measurable concentrations.
To our knowledge, there is currently no experimental estimate for Lp at these distances, which may be in part due to the difficulty of constraining Lp values by fitting experimental data to analytical functions at these distances.
Fitting only constrains some parameters; a good rule of thumb is that 20% of the parameters are well constrained by fitting, while 80% are not [ 38].
