Second, for each simulated factor j, we calculated the error in estimated factor identity by finding the estimated factor j* with trait loadings vector λ j * that had the smallest vector angle with the true factor trait loadings vector λ j.
(2) The correct (α,I) candidate for each site is selected by finding the MAP estimate.
As equity analysts do when estimating the value of a stock, Brand Finance calculates a brand's value by finding the present value of the estimated future cash flows attributable to the brand based on what a company without a trademark would have to pay to license it through a third-party broker.
The average probability of survival was calculated by finding the mean of all the estimated 20-year survival probabilities generated by the model.
The DCP is estimated by finding the minimum value among the R, G, and B pixels, and it is used to estimate the transmission map of the non-haze region.
Secondly, by finding the relationship between the plant parameter estimate and controller parameter estimate and using the properties of plant parameter estimate, the similar properties of controller parameter estimate are also established.
Distances calculated on a single image, ages estimated by finding the day of chromatophore birth on aligned developmental datasets (Methods).
To do so, instantaneous transition rates among states must first be estimated by finding the set of parameter values that maximizes the overall likelihood of the data, given a phylogenetic tree with branch lengths and a distribution of observed values at the tips3.
Then the coefficients of the reduced-dimensional Capon (RD-Capon) spectrum are exploited to design a weight matrix for reweighting l1 norm constraint minimization to enhance the sparsity of the solution, and the DOA can be estimated by finding the non-zero rows in the recovered matrix.
The optimum smoothness parameters were estimated by finding the minimum value of ABIC.
