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The first, exemplified by externalization of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), is characterized by phospholipid-mediated targeting and direct translocation of this protein across the plasma membrane [9].
Dil-OxLDL-induced apoptosis in platelets was evaluated by externalization of phosphatidylserine (Annexin V binding) as the 'eat me' signal and Caspase 3 activity as reported previously.
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Cell viability was measured by phosphatidylserine externalization by staining the cells with fluorescein-conjugated Annexin V-PI (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA).
These observations suggest that the cytotoxicity induced by 4d, 4e and C14G1was indeed mediated via apoptosis as initially detected by phosphatidylserine externalization and corroborated by caspase-3 activation; both hallmarks of apoptosis.
R-spondin1 belongs to a family of secreted furin-like domain containing proteins that are believed to interact with canonical Wnt signaling pathways by influencing externalization of the LRP6 cell membrane receptor, as well as through stabilization of intracellular β-catenin [16] [18].
Apoptosis was characterized by detecting externalization of phosphatidylserine.
Antitumor activity was verified by phosphatidylserine externalization analysis and mitochondrial membrane potential determination.
Experiments were performed in multiples to qualify apoptosis by phosphatidylserine externalization.
Sulfatides induced PMNLs apoptosis, as evidenced by PS externalization (Annexin V positive cells, Figures 1 and 2) and caspase activation).
Despite undergoing oligomerization, L78A BAK failed to induce apoptosis as assessed by PS externalization and cytochrome c release.
Apoptotic bodies are characterized by phosphatidylserine externalization and contain several intracellular fragments and cellular organelles, including histones and fragmented DNA [ 3, 24, 25].
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