In general, flow cytometry is a common and well-developed procedure for analyzing the cell-by-cell expression of particular proteins using antibodies targeting these proteins.
Critically, it is unknown whether particular diseases are caused by specific clones or rather, by the expression of particular virulence determinants.
Differentiation of keratinocytes can be monitored by the morphological appearance of the cells and by the expression of particular marker proteins.
It has been suggested that the generation of the different subpopulations is linked to regional differences, defined by the expression of particular combinations of transcription factors, in the specification of progenitor cells in the subpallium (Wonders and Anderson, 2006; Flames et al., 2007; Wonders et al., 2008).
For the chronic treatments necessary for epilepsy therapy, it is interesting that repetitive daily exposure to static magnetic fields in the range used in this work decreases in the expression of MAP-2 and prevents some of the toxic effects of MK801 by modulating the expression of particular NMDA receptor subunits24.
Interestingly, each growth condition was characterized by the differential expression of particular genes encoding ion-binding factors.
Adjacent developmental compartments are distinguished by differences in the expression of particular genes, such as selector genes.
In addition, it is widely believed that factors such as calorie restriction may extend the lifespan of organisms, in part, by modulating the levels and expression of particular genes and pathways [1], [2].
Ultimately, the intracellular response to a Wnt ligand is determined by precise control of the timing and expression of particular combinations of Wnt ligands, their receptors and the dynamics of these associations.
p53 controls programmed cell death (apoptosis), the arrest of cell division and other cell responses to stress by binding to DNA and increasing the expression of particular genes (Bieging et al., 2014).
