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Measurements were repeated three times by each observer for each diagnostic technique.
Additional file 1: Questionnaire hosted on SurveyMonkey® (repeated by each observer for 100 videos).
In these plots, the x-axis represents the average scores reported by each observer for pain and distress, and the y-axis, the difference between the scores of pain and distress ("pain score minus distress score").
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Sixty five observers rated each of the 46 photographs for attractiveness, health, and tiredness: 138 ratings by each observer and 2990 ratings for each of the three factors rated.
To evaluate villus height, crypt depth, and muscular layer and intestinal wall thickness (from the villus apex to the mesothelium of the tunica serosa), 40 measurements per animal were randomly made by a blind observer for each variable in each segment using Image Pro Plus 4.5 image analysis software (Media Cybernetics, Silver Spring, MD, USA).
This process was repeated for all birds in a survey unit to yield the number of birds seen by the primary observer and the number of birds seen by the secondary observer that were not seen by the primary observer for each survey unit.
Fetal growth was assessed every 4 weeks by ultrasound from 22 to 36 weeks of gestation by the same observer for each woman under a standardized protocol.
Sphincter volumes were measured 3 times by the same observer for each of 10 patients.
The scoring was done blinded and repeated at least twice by the same observer for each lymph node.
A child's nonverbal behaviour is rated by the observer for items 15 through 17.
CT data sets were scored by one observer for whom the reproducibility has previously been described [ 11].
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com