To be sure, there was a sense that the new ethical questions posed by dramatic advances in biology and medicine were fundamental to the future of humankind; yet these questions were usually framed in terms of choices facing individual patients, physicians and researchers: Were terminally ill patients owed the full truth about their condition?
More than 25 years after the initial recognition that HIV can directly damage the central nervous system (CNS) and lead to dementia [ 1], HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) now encompasses a transformed spectrum of conditions due to the relative immune recovery or immune preservation facilitated by dramatic advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART).
In general, pragmatists were inspired by the dramatic advances in science and technology during the 19th century—indeed, many had formal scientific training and performed experiments in the natural, physical, or social sciences.
The number of animals used for toxicity testing in Europe will thus, experts reckon, quintuple from just over 1m a year to about 5m, unless they are saved by some dramatic advances in non-animal testing technology.
You have to be impressed by the dramatic advances in productivity: The growth rate in output per man-hour for the economy has doubled over the past three years without a commensurate increase in wages, leading to substantially improved corporate profitability.
[ 4, 18- 26] These deliberations were informed by changes in the health sector, the dramatic advances in and widespread use of information technology, experiences gained by other industries and individual health organizations implementing information technology, and plans and development of health information infrastructures in other countries, especially Australia, Canada, and England.
More recently, dramatic advances in technology by the agricultural (350 generations), industrial (7 generations), and digital (2 generations) revolutions have left us with a population that is genetically adapted for the demands of life as a forager in the wild, but living in a high-tech, generally sedentary, overfed, and emotionally stressful twenty-first century world [8].
For example, Henry Ford could not have enjoyed the dramatic advances in efficiency and productivity brought on by electrical power tools on the factory floor without an electricity grid.
Luckily, there have been dramatic advances in digital-restoration technology in just the last few years.
