This was based on colony forming units in PII-end compost extracts and by direct counting.
The other approach is that atoms of any isotope can be measured directly by mass spectrometry (thermal ionization/inductively-coupled plasma source/gas-source-/accelerated mass-spectrometry techniques), that separates ions based on their mass and followed by direct counting.
The population dynamics of eggs, nymphs, and adults on the three soybean varieties planted in a 3 × 3 Latin square design were assessed by direct counting from 13 July to 22 September, 2007 at 10 days intervals.
We observe that such inhomogeneities do not show long-range ordering and their surface density obtained by direct counting is consistent with the value obtained by macroscopic charge density measurements.
Finally, the brains were analysed after sectioning by direct counting of the fluorescent microspheres (FE) and conversion of the number of microspheres to amount of activity using the known average amount of radioactivity bound to a single microsphere: 0.316 ± 0.198 kBq for 64Cu, and 1.248 ± 0.495 kBq for 68Ga.
The number of parasites was determined by direct counting with a Neubauer chamber.
Alternatively, cell viability was determined by direct counting via trypan blue exclusion.
Numbers of endothelial cells in SIVs of Tg(fli1:nEGFP) zebrafish embryos were assessed by direct counting of the total number of green light points.
Cell numbers were established by direct counting in a Neubauer counting chamber under a phase contrast microscope at a 400× magnification.
Allele and genotype frequencies were estimated by direct counting and deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were tested, in cases and controls separately, using the exact test as implemented in R Genetics package (version 1.2.1) [73].
We measured cell growth by direct counting each 24 h during 4 days and found that cells expressing isoform 1 or 2 grew more rapidly than control cells expressing EGFP alone.
