In order to establish a screening system to detect the activation of STING by cyclic dinucleotides, we overexpressed VCA0956, a known dinucleotide cyclase in V. cholerae which produces c-di-GMP, in 293T cells (Supplementary information, Figure S1A and S1B).
In the present study we demonstrated that decrease of luminal NADPH/NADP+ ratio alone by metyrapone was sufficient to promote the mechanism of "self-eating" detected by the activation of LC3.
To demonstrate the effectiveness of the direct functional assay system, we attempted to detect the GLP1R activation by native GLP1, its analogue S2-GLP1, and Ex4 secreted by yeast.
We did not detect the Akt activation by the OCUM-2M attachment to type IV collagen, although even suspended OCUM-2MD3 cells displayed phosphorylated Akt (Supplementary Figure 2B).
To evaluate whether Akt is a target of isothiocyanate on inhibition of lung cancer cell metastasis, we detected the Akt activation by western blotting.
In the present study, we characterized the role of MDSCs in ConA-induced mouse hepatitis by detecting serum cytokines and activation markers of lymphocytes.
Functional MRI (fMRI) is a functional neuroimaging procedure that identifies localized patterns of brain activation by detecting associated changes in the cerebral blood flow.
This approach has been successfully applied to the measurement of HER2 receptor activation by detecting and quantifying HER2 and HER2 dimer levels in clinical FFPE specimens and soluble cell lysate formats [10] [12], [14] [15].
