By defining this gradient a modified equation is obtained which, when used on published data, permits unambiguous interpretation of experimental results.
Define the gradient of u as the function v, and denote it by (v=Du).
However, we could have chosen to associate different strengths to each whisker deflection, e.g. by defining a gradient of deflection strengths that decreases along the path of the stimulus.
The non-uniform distributions in the chamber were then controlled by molecular diffusion with diffusion time defining the composition gradient.
These cytokines act by defining a decreasing gradient from the intestine lumen toward the crypt, counteracting stem cell expansion outside the crypt, and promoting intestinal epithelial cell differentiation [ 22, 23].
Generally, the algorithm consists of choosing at the k th iteration a point X k + 1) in a direction lying in the half space defined by the gradient of objective function Υ, defined by matrix D k), which verifies [22]: vec { ∇ Υ ( X ( k ) ) } T vec { D ( k ) } < 0. (17).
Two-pass algorithms are now classical in Hough-based circle detection [41 43], but their first pass is a one-to-many 2d HT, where the votes are made along straight lines, either defined by the gradient direction [41, 42], or by the bissector of a point pair chord [43].
Cells seem to cope with this problem by establishing a local phosphorylation gradient defining the future cleavage site [ 322].
As such they likely tend to overestimate the true (unknown) realized niche as defined by the gradients.
The multicomponent coupled ionic diffusive fluxes of reactants and products were defined by using the gradient of the electrochemical potentials as driving forces for the diffusion.
