The resolution of the projection map improved from about 20 Å obtained with conventional electron crystallographic image processing (31) to 11 Å by the single particle/classification approach (32).
The so far only partially known structure of the complex metal oxide Cs0.5[Nb2.5W2.5O14] is investigated by combining modern methods of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy with crystallographic image processing techniques.
Crystallographic image processing (CIP) techniques may be utilized in scanning probe microscopy (SPM) to glean information that has been obscured by signals from multiple probe tips.
The CRISP program, on the other hand, is dedicated to crystallographic image processing [13] and electron crystallography [44], but also offers complementing analyses of electron diffraction spot patterns by an extension module.
Removing multiple-tip artifacts from SPM images has, however, only recently been accomplished through the adoption of crystallographic image processing (CIP) techniques [4 7], which one may consider as being a kind of a crystallographic averaging in reciprocal (Fourier) space of the intensity of symmetry-related features in direct space.
This has, unfortunately, been so far the common practice in the computational symmetry as well as applied crystallographic image processing communities with very few notable exceptions, e.g., [17, 18, 30, 32].
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06119.017 10.7554/eLiFigure19.018 Figure 6 figure supplement 1. Flow chart of electron crystallographic image processing of a tomographic volume.
The projection images generated from selected z-slices of tomographic volumes enabled us to use electron crystallographic image processing, even though the coherently packed areas of the 2D crystals were small.
We have used a combination of electron cryo-tomography, subtomogram averaging, and electron crystallographic image processing to analyse the structure of intact bovine F1Fo ATP synthase in 2D membrane crystals.
Top view images of these splats were obtained by a scanning electron microscope and processed by Image Processing Techniques.
