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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
by course of
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"by course of" is a correct and usable phrase in written English.
It is typically used to describe a process or sequence of events. For example: "By course of the litigation, we were able to secure a favorable outcome for our client."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Academia
Wiki
Encyclopedias
Alternative expressions(19)
during the process of
over the period of
in the duration of
in the process of
during the period of
through the unfolding of
as a result of
in accordance with
as a consequence of
in compliance with
in line with
by orientation of
by instruction of
in the course
of course definition
by way of
over the course
during the course
course of study
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
8 human-written examples
Binding contracts can be written, oral, or implied-in-fact by course of conduct.
News & Media
Figure 7 EMe_e: differences by course of studies; N = 185 (construction engineering); 1 996 (mechanical engineering); d = 0.54; p<.0.54
Colom et al. (2010) investigated whether treatment response is affected by course of illness progression using the Kaplan Meier survival analysis.
The more often we do things the same way, the more likely we'll continue to do them that way by course of habit.
News & Media
"Improvident" then is defined by course of action, and the lack of an immediate definition nonetheless carries the narrative forward and the reader's curiosity about its meaning is satisfied.
Wiki
No informed consent from patient was needed by course of law in the Czech Republic before 2000.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
52 human-written examples
This is explained by the course of their historical development.
Encyclopedias
Course descriptions provided by the Courses of Study 2018-2019.
Academia
Course information provided by the Courses of Study 2016-2017.
Academia
But in the summer they're joined by researchers - and of course by boatloads of visitors.
News & Media
By definition, all courses of action are risky.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "by course of" to describe a sequence of events or actions that occur over a period, especially when emphasizing how something progresses or changes over time.
Common error
Avoid using "by course of" when a simple 'because of' or 'due to' would suffice. "By course of" implies a process, not just a direct cause-and-effect relationship.
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
4.4/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
By course of functions as a prepositional phrase, modifying a verb or noun to indicate the manner or progression through which an action or event unfolds. Ludwig AI indicates its proper grammatical usage and provides examples of it in context.
Frequent in
News & Media
33%
Science
33%
Academia
11%
Less common in
Wiki
11%
Encyclopedias
11%
Formal & Business
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "by course of" is a grammatically sound prepositional phrase used to describe a sequence of events or a process unfolding over time. Ludwig AI confirms its grammatical correctness, though it is not as frequent as simpler alternatives like "during" or "in the process of". Primarily found in news, scientific, and academic contexts, it adds a level of formality to writing. When using this phrase, ensure it genuinely represents a progression or sequence rather than a simple cause-and-effect relationship.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
in the process of
Focuses on the ongoing nature of an action or event, similar to "by course of" but emphasizes the action itself.
during the period of
Specifies a timeframe within which something occurs, providing a more temporal context than "by course of".
in the duration of
Highlights the length of time over which something happens, which may be implied but not explicit in "by course of".
through the unfolding of
Emphasizes the gradual development or revelation of events, adding a narrative aspect absent in "by course of".
as a result of
Implies a causal relationship, where the 'course' leads to a specific outcome, making the consequence more explicit than in "by course of".
in accordance with
Suggests conformity to a set of rules or procedures, different from the purely temporal or sequential sense of "by course of".
according to the dictates of
Emphasizes adherence to a requirement, shifting the focus from a process to an obligation.
as a consequence of
Highlights the outcome or effect of a series of actions, making the result more prominent than the process itself.
in compliance with
Indicates that actions are being done to follow legal, ethical or safety regulations, which may not be present in "by course of".
in line with
Denotes agreement with certain concepts, which may not be present in "by course of".
FAQs
How can I use "by course of" in a sentence?
The phrase "by course of" is used to describe a progression or series of events unfolding over time. For example, "By course of the investigation, new evidence came to light."
What's a good alternative to "by course of"?
Depending on the context, you could use alternatives like "during the process of", "over the period of", or "in the duration of".
Is "in course of" the same as "by course of"?
While similar, "in course of" generally implies something is currently happening, whereas "by course of" focuses on the progression or sequence of events during a longer period.
What does "by course of action" mean?
"By course of action" refers to the method or plan followed to achieve a particular aim. It emphasizes the choices made and the steps taken.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
4.4/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested