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Physical interactions of soft matter under biologically relevant conditions (in aqueous media containing various ions) are governed by complex interplays of generic and specific interfacial interactions, which are clearly different from those acting at the interface between hard matter.
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It was concluded that the overall behavior is determined by complex interplay of SCB and LCB, which leads to thermorheological complexity as well as phase separation.
HIV-1 gene expression is regulated by complex interplay of cellular and viral factors.
Monocyte/macrophage differentiation is regulated by a complex interplay of factors influenced by the local tissue environment and by features of the specific injury initiator as illustrated in Figure 1 [3-6].
Granuloma formation is best understood in sarcoidosis, where secretion of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) by macrophages is followed by a complex interplay of T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells with synthesis of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, IL-18, IL-23 and transforming growth factor (TGF -β [ 6].
Although none of these can be entirely eliminated, the fact that Ndi1 expression worsens the phenotype, either alone or in combination with AOX, and that changes in ATP level or mitochondrial ROS production do not correlate with it, suggest that the mutant phenotype is determined either by a complex interplay of factors or by other metabolic effects that are as yet unknown.
Thus, evolution and dynamics of these chromosomes in Z. tritici are apparently not driven by simple duplications or translocations from the core chromosomes, but rather caused by a complex interplay of frequent structural rearrangements, likely aided by the activity of repetitive elements [ 14, 17].
This is met by a complex interplay of hepatic responses and glucose uptake by muscle.
The in vivo cellular microenvironment is regulated by a complex interplay of soluble factors and signaling molecules secreted by cells and it plays a critical role in the growth and development of normal and diseased tissues.
In reality, eating disorders, including anorexia, are serious mental health problems, triggered by a complex interplay of low self-worth, difficulties in coping with problems and – possibly – genetics.
What people eat (or don't eat) has always been determined by a complex interplay of social, economic and technological forces.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com