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Partially melted powder particles from strut surfaces were quantified by comparing surface roughness values at each cleaning step.
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The surface roughness of the membranes is quantitatively compared by the surface roughness parameters obtained from AFM analysis (Table 1).
Mann Whitney U test was used to compare the surface roughness.
For this purpose, another numerical approach, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods have been developed and verified among their counterparts and also by comparing the experimental results, surface roughness and surface hardness in this study.
Shibuichi et al. [29, 30] presented an elegant analysis of how apparent contact angles are affected by the surface roughness compared to a smooth surface.
The surface roughness was analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to compare the coating surface roughness before and after the laser surface treatments.
However, these equations only apply when the drop size is sufficiently large compared with the surface roughness scale.
By growing surface roughness, the number of nucleation sites increases.
Aerated gels of optimal properties for retaining air bubbles were characterized by similar surface roughness.
Cobalt chrome implants were treated by passivation (surface roughness ca. 0.22 μm along threads).
The WCA is strongly dependent on the surface roughness and surface hydrophilicity, and thus the higher WCA of PLA/PLA composite fibers may be affected by the surface roughness.
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