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Cryptic Alu exons that are deleterious will remain suppressed; however if an exon becomes less deleterious by chance, selection against exonization will be considerably reduced.
This means that the high prediction accuracy may be due to the by chance selection of TFs which are co-expressed with the target gene.
Valderas et al 1 have mentioned three ways in which different diseases may be found in the same person: by chance, selection bias and by different kinds of causal association.
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By chance and/or selection, specific variants in immune defence have arisen in different population groups.
The musical style was dictated by the luck of the draw from a chance selection.
We described and evaluated the performance of a new method of treatment allocation, called studywise minimization, that can avoid imbalance by chance and reduce selection bias.
Just how strong was the evidence that all biological complexity arose by chance and natural selection?
Moreover, rearrangements involving genes are likely to be under selective pressure, so the events currently observed in any species are a combined outcome of those events that have occurred, minus those that were subsequently removed by chance or by selection against some specific changes.
The pertinent question is whether or not this is the most likely breakthrough stage the appearance of which on earth would be explained by chance and anthropic selection.
However, as with all observational studies it is impossible to exclude the possibility that by chance or subconscious selection, bias could account for the observed results.
Thus, the synthesis of nucleotides and (at least) moderate-sized polynucleotides could not have evolved biologically and must have emerged abiogenically, i.e., effectively, by chance abetted by chemical selection, e.g., preferential survival of stable RNA species.
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