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The plasma density irregularities are, for example, the biggest error source for global positioning system (GPS) signals during space weather events by causing a decrease in the operational performance of navigation systems (Forte and Radicella 2004).
Besides the direct contribution by V P, an upward plasma drift moves the F layer to higher altitudes and increases the growth rate by causing a decrease in ( {nu}_{mathrm{eff}}^F ) and in R T. Other two factors, the neutral wind and the ion-neutral collision frequency, also affect the growth rate of the instability.
Increasing Shaw in all clock neurons causes PDF accumulation in small LNv terminals possibly by causing a decrease in the probability of neuropeptide release.
faveolata) also showed that turf algae had negative effects on neighbouring corals [27] by causing a decrease in the coral's zooxanthellae density, Chlorophyll a concentration, and tissue thickness.
Figures 13.3b d show how depression would alter the growth of reward intensity by causing a decrease in gain (Fig. 13.3b), a decrease in sensitivity (Fig. 13.3c) or decreases in both gain and sensitivity (Fig. 13.3d).
If the original data is structured, then the randomization procedure should impact RMSD matrix values by causing a decrease in both the variance and average RMSD score of the matrix, as the differences between weighted average amino acid usages will become more "flat", and therefore more similar between chronologies at more positions.
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The presence of Abi systems was first identified due to the protective effect that certain lactococcal plasmids have against phage infection, by causing a decreased burst size and an altered phage plaque morphology as observed for plasmids pTR2030 and pIL105 (Sing and Klaenhammer 1986; Gautier and Chopin 1987).
11 Similarly, dietary Aloe vera supplementation improved facial wrinkles by causing a significant decrease in MMP-1 messenger RNA levels.
By contrast, removal of none of the elements by themselves caused a decrease of the rescuing activity.
Poisoning the electrodes by thiourea caused a decrease in the amount of absorbed hydrogen and an increase in the overvoltage of the HER mainly at higher current densities.
Exposure of dentists to the fields emitted by cavitrons caused a decrease in the serum cortisol level in comparison with a control group [ 123].
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by causing a reduced
by causing a government
by causing a loss
by causing a backlog
by causing a distraction
by causing a debt
by causing a deficit
by causing a brain-drain
by causing a police
by causing a blood
by causing a rancid
by causing a shift
by causing a slowdown
by causing a revolution
by causing a shortage
by causing a fuel
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