The same effect was obtained by blocking the common downstream effector Akt.
Blocking the downstream KRAS effectors has also come forward as a promising strategy to block the oncogenic KRAS signal.
A maximal effect is yielded by blocking the signalling pathways downstream of the receptor.
Several promising cancer drugs that reduce medulloblastoma growth in mouse models purportedly interfere with Gli1 and Gli2 expression by blocking the signalling pathway downstream of Smo.
Previous studies showed that natural products have the ability to reduce inflammation by blocking the inflammatory mechanisms downstream of the release of cytokines, and also by attenuating the production of the proinflammatory factors by macrophage [ 28].
First, it is possible that rilonacept may have been more effective had it been administered earlier relative to flare onset, since the ability of IL-1 inhibition to effect a reduction in pain by blocking the cascade of downstream inflammatory mediators may depend on the timing of treatment.
Logistically, CTCF binds to the H19/Igf2 ICR in a DNA-methylation-sensitive manner and mediates the insulator activity of the unmethylated maternal ICR by blocking the Igf2 promoter from engaging enhancers downstream of H19 that are shared by H19 and Igf2 (Fig. 2C) (Hark et al., 2000).
Thus, the polymerase of an upstream gene may transcribe into the downstream neighbour, interfering with the neighbour's transcription (e.g., by blocking the processing of transcription termination, or by direct collision with another polymerase transcribing the downstream gene).
By blocking the TLR4 pathway, nuclear translocation of p65, as downstream signaling, was fully inhibited (Fig. 1C).
By blocking the activity of the Smad transcription factors that serve as the downstream nuclear effectors of TGF-β1, FGF-2 treatment inhibits fibrosis in VICs.
