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Complement activation induces pathogen opsonization and generation of the anaphylatoxins: C3a and C5a, which stimulate inflammatory responses by binding to respective C3aR and C5aR receptors [12].
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The relative affinities of mAbs binding to respective coated antigens were determined with ELISA by measuring the concentration of each mAb required to achieve 50% maximal binding at saturation (K50).
The cell-surface expression of both TAPA-1 (target of an antiproliferative antibody-1) and Leu-13 could be down-modulated by binding to their respective antibodies and they could be reciprocally comodulated.
These factors may exert their cytoprotective effects by binding to their respective receptors on cardiomyocytes and/or other surrounding cells.
Next, IL-12 and IL-18 enhance IFN-γ production in NK, NK-like T cells and Th1 cells by binding to their respective receptors [9].
We are interested in the control aspect: some proteins, called Transcription Factors, possess the ability to regulate the expression of genes by binding to the respective promoter regions on the DNA and thereby influencing their transcription processes.
Alternatively, E-cadherin and nectin2alpha Fc fusion proteins may activate adhesion in the cell suspensions by binding to their respective cellular membrane proteins in the absence of calcium before the assay has begun.
IL-6 and IL-23 enhance GM-CSF production by T cells by binding to the respective receptors, creating a positive feedback loop [ 17].
GLP-1 and GIP exert their effects by binding to their respective receptors, GLP1R and GIPR, leading to activation of adenylate cyclase and elevation of intracellular cAMP.
Brn3a can activate transcription of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL by binding to their respective promoters (Ensor et al, 2001; Smith et al, 1998, 2001).
By binding to their respective receptors, they lead to activation of functional caspase-8, which results in apoptosis by activating the effector caspases such as caspase-3 but inactivating the necroptic kinases such as RIP3.
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