Most of these activities are known to be stimulated by binding to a number of different integrins via the RGD sequence (αv β3, αv β1, αv β5) or via RGD-independent interactions (α4 β1, α9 β1, and α8 β1).
Like many other flexible proteins in biology, members of the SIBLING family are thought to function by binding to a number of different proteins using short motifs that remain conserved while many of the intervening amino acids are permitted to change with time.
The widespread functions regulated by Hsf1 explain its binding to a large number of promoters (about 3%% of the genes in the yeast genome).
Since it appears that most PPR genes in plants function by binding to one or a small number of specific target organelle transcripts, it is possible that changes in organelle genomes drive PPR gene evolution and thus the evolution of this gene family in plants likely reflects the co-evolution of nuclear and organelle genomes.
The after day, protein-antibody complexes were isolated by binding to protein G plus/protein A agarose (number IP05; Calbiochem-Novabiochem International, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA).
Classically, FGF2 mediates its biological effects by binding to FGFRs, leading to activation of a number of signalling cascades; predominately the MAPK/MEK/ERK pathway (Corson et al, 2003).
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) critically regulates neutrophil numbers by binding to the G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) to generate signals that maintain a homeostatic balance between myeloid cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation [1] [4].
Phosphorylation of the phosphoacceptor domain affects transcription, both positively and negatively, for a large number of genes by binding to Spo0A-binding motif (the '0A box', 5′-TGNCGAA-3′) [ 25, 26].
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of 19 22 nt non-coding small RNAs that control the expression of a large number of genes by binding to the 3′UTR of targets and blocking translation or by causing degradation of target mRNA.
MicroRNAs have the ability to inhibit a large number of target genes by binding to sequence specific 3'UTR regions of target mRNAs, inhibiting their translation and promoting their degradation [ 73].
These activities are mediated both by homophilic interactions and by heterophilic binding of NCAM to a number of different membrane proteins or components of the extracellular matrix (Hinsby et al, 2004).
