Sentence examples for by an upstream layer from inspiring English sources

Interestingly, these negative regulators are largely compromised by an upstream layer of negative regulators "target mimics" found in plants or "endogenous competing RNAs" revealed recently in animals.

The various signaling branches of this pathway share a multi-tiered control system: MAPK proteins are activated by dual phosphorylation on tyrosine and serine/threonine residues via an upstream layer of dual-specificity kinases, MAPK kinases (MAPKK), which are themselves phosphorylated by a third tier of kinases, MAPKKKs.

This means that the rate of an event in a downstream layer (e.g. effector phosphorylation) is proportional to the average value of some property computed from the upstream layer (e.g. receptor activation).

In one layer, each group receives its own input from upstream layers and output the signal to downstream layers.

This comes by way of an "upstream supply chain" source.

Put one layer of pasta, followed by a layer of rice, followed by a layer of lentils.

The cartilage layer was intact and undamaged, and surrounded by a thin layer of fibrous tissue.

The exine layer had been replaced by a thin layer of unknown composition.

The suggestion that the liver-expressed Tmprss6 acts as an upstream regulator of the BMP SMAD pathway added another layer to this complex regulatory pathway [ 26].

This is a layer of AND gates followed by a layer of OR gates.

VEGF is an upstream regulator of PI3K.