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The O-antigen portion of LPS in J2315 was interrupted by an insertion element in BCAL3125 [ 47, 56].
In M. ulcerans it was observed that the glnA3 sequence had been disrupted by an insertion element.
Sll1574 (SpkA) is interrupted by an insertion element in the sequenced strain, and in this paper "Sll1574" refers to the reconstituted Sll1574-1575.
S. meliloti strain 1021 expR+ was constructed by replacing expR, disrupted in 1021 by an insertion element [ 88], with a functional expR gene.
The inability of S. oneidensis MR-1 to grow on maltodextrin is attributed to significant genetic perturbations within the Mal utilization gene loci (e.g. glcPMal and susA are pseudogenes with frameshifts, whereas ompMal is interrupted by an insertion element [ 18]).
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This sequence has no homology with any viral or bacterial gene and it is not flanked by any insertion element, which excludes the hypothesis of a pathogenic chromosome insertion.
A closer look at the left region suggested that an IS6100, exhibiting 100% identity to that of Mycobacterium fortuitum [16], was interrupted by a novel insertion element ISSsp1.
An approximately 27 kb gene cluster, which is flanked by an IS 200 insertion element and maps between 484,793 and 511,393 in JCM 1112, carries core and dispensable genes that are observed in multiple clades but have a specific gene order and composition in clades II and VI (fig. 2); updated annotations for these are presented in supplementary table S3, Supplementary Material online.
In addition, these integration events were all mediated by a well-known insertion element, IS 407A [ 19].
In Pto DC3000, hopAG1 (PSPTO_0901) has been disrupted by an insertion sequence (IS) element.
While expression of blaOXA genes play a major role in carbapenem resistance among CR-AB [ 9]), blaOXA mediated carbapenem resistance requires enhancement of gene expression either by insertion element IS Aba [ 10- 12].
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