Sentence examples for by an equivalent linear from inspiring English sources

The damage is simulated by an equivalent linear elastic spring.

The crack is simulated by an equivalent linear spring connecting the two segments of the bar.

The proposed formulation is based on replacing the non-linear system by an equivalent linear system with time-dependent properties.

The crack is simulated by an equivalent linear spring connecting the two adjacent segments of the beam.

Non-linear amplification of the surface ground is described by an equivalent linear model and local interaction with the surrounding soil is incorporated with a horizontal spring and a dashpot.

The results, confirmed by numerical simulations, are compared with those obtainable with an approximate solution, commonly used in the design practice, where the interlayer is modeled by an equivalent linear-elastic material, whose properties are calibrated according to temperature and characteristic duration of the applied loads.

Using the data recorded by one of the borehole station, an equivalent linear seismic response analysis was conducted.

The restoring force is represented by the Bouc-Wen model, for which an equivalent linear relaxation model is derived.

This paper develops an equivalent linear mechanical model that accounts for the energy dissipated by the damping screens.

The equivalent linear system is obtained first in terms of an equivalent linear damping and second in terms of an equivalent single degree of freedom system.

To show the effectiveness of such an equivalent linear, time-variant model in evaluating the nonstationary and nonlinear vibration systems, simulated hysteretic responses are examined by the procedure.